Gift Giving in Thailand Free Essays

Blessing giving in Thailand these days is more Westernized than any other time in recent memory and less custom contrast with different nations in Asia. As a rule, endowments are not required however it is valued. Also, as we as a whole know, Thai individuals is considered as collectivist culture. We will compose a custom article test on Blessing Giving in Thailand or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now So with regards to accepting blessing or giving blessing, loss of face or causing somebody to lose face is ideal to maintain a strategic distance from. They won't open blessing before the provider since they don’t need to look ravenous or seem disillusioned in the event that they don’t like the blessing. Rather, they will say thank you and set it aside and open it later after the provider left. A few outsiders particularly westerners may feel put off by this response however in the event that they wish to make a decent connection with Thai customers or show Thai businessmen their altruism. They ought to follow the strategy. Here are a few hints of what outsiders ought to do and evade when they give or get blessing from Thai individuals whether the blessing is traded at the gathering or give when welcome to Thai individuals home. Don’ts 1) Expensive and â€Å"run-of-the-mill†. Try not to offer blessing that is clearly costly and run of factory. In the event that your blessing is clearly costly, it will cause the beneficiary to feel awkward and decline to take it since it may seem as though you attempting to pay off them particularly in business setting or with government official organizations. What's more, by Run of the plant it implies basic stuff, for example, things that the beneficiary as of now has or they get it habitually. Since it can decipher that you are imprudent. ) Sharp items or individual stuff. Try not to give sharp items, for example, blades and scissors, and mirrors, as endowments. On the off chance that you are engaged with business exchange with Thai businessmen or particularly Chinese-Thai agents, you would need to keep up a decent connection with them. By giving those sharp articles, to certain individuals it can infer that you need to cut off the relationship. In addition, don't give individual stuff, for example, scent and tissue as a blessing since it would pass on various message to the beneficiary. Furthermore, these are things that individuals generally purchase for their affection ones. 3) Rip the wrapping paper of the blessing. As I referenced that Thai individuals will open the blessing they get in private so as to stay away from loss of face and this is the standard that outsiders ought to follow. In any case, on the off chance that you are welcome to open the blessing you got before the supplier, don't tear the wrapping paper of the blessing. Since it is consider as being inconsiderate and not valued the blessing. You ought to painstakingly expel the wrapping, overlay and put in a safe spot. Dos 1) Research As I said before that Thailand is consider as collectivist culture where regard for progression and senior is significant. In this way, it is smarter to think about the economic wellbeing of the individual or the structure of the organization you going to offer blessing to. It will help you a great deal as far as finding the correct thing to give. 2) Appropriated endowments Small, reasonable and astute blessings ought to be given. You can get them things like chocolate, natural product or blossoms. These are likewise things you could provide for the leader in the event that you are welcome to their homes, including cognac/alcohol, cake and candy. In business, you ought to likewise bring a little present for any individual who works for you normally. Give cognac, mixers, books, extraordinary food things and work area clothing is fitting blessings. At New Year’s it is entirely expected to giveâ giftâ basketsâ full of tinned natural products, treats, whisky and different things. These are typically given and gotten in the interest of an organization. 3) Nicely wrapped blessing. It is imperative to wrap the present before you offer it to somebody or firms. Endowments ought to be wrapped appealingly, since appearance matters than the blessing itself. Utilize splendid hues for yourâ wrapping. Bows and strips add to the feeling of celebration. Utilize red wrapping paper if giving a blessing to a Chinese Thai since red shading speaks to favorable luck. 4) â€Å"Wai† For outsiders basically state Thank you is sufficient when you got blessing from somebody. In any case, on the off chance that you need to dazzle them, Wai is another approach to show that your gratefulness and regard to Thai culture. 5) Right Hand Always get and give blessing with right hand. Instructions to refer to Gift Giving in Thailand, Essay models

The Modernist Attributes of C.L.R. James’s Minty Alley Essay -- Gender

The Modernist Attributes of C.L.R. James’s Minty Alley Conceived in Trinidad and later exiling himself first to London and afterward the United States, C.L.R. James was a key figure of the West Indian scholarly scene during the 1930s. Today he is principally connected with his nonliterary works in human science and legislative issues, and his fiction appears to have dropped from basic consideration. Some portion of this limitation comes from the way that little of his fiction is promptly accessible to a perusing open in this nation. Albeit a determination of his shorter work is currently accessible in The C.L.R. James Reader (1992), the main surviving release of James' tale Minty Alley (1936) is distributed by the little London press New Beacon Books. Due to its relative detachment, this huge bit of Caribbean writing stays missing from the quick awareness of American perusers and pundits. To some extent, this article is proposed as a stage to arrange a recuperation of this book, opening up a basic exchange about the novel so as to build up a progressively exhaustive point of view about the lineage of Caribbean fiction. The abstract history of this locale is time after time thought to start during the 1960s with the(post)modernist work of such commended creators as Wilson Harrisand George Lamming, and Minty Alley gives us a considerable case of narratival experimentation preceding these all the more widely praised works. In any case, there is more in question than expanding ordinance records and the chronicled limits of post-pragmatist Caribbean fiction. James' conventional developments in Minty Alleyalso permit us to start to reevaluate that review order of writing which is presently inexactly named innovation. during the time spent recuperation, at that point, I would lik... ...e, Joseph Allen. Libidinal Currents: Sexuality and theShaping of Modernism. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1998. Henry, Paget and Paul Buhle, eds. C.L.R. JamesCaribbean. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1992. James, C.L.R. Minty Alley (1936). London: New Beacon,1971. Lamming, George. The Pleasure of Exile (1954). AnnArbor: U of Michigan P, 1992. Levenson, Michael H. A Genealogy of Modernism: A Study ofEnglish Literary Doctrine 1908-1922. New York: Cambridge UP,1984. Lukacs, George. The Meaning of Contemporary Realism.London: Merlin, 1963. Nielsen, Aldon Lynn. C.L.R. James: A CriticalIntroduction. Jackson: U of Mississippi P, 1997. Ortega y Gasset, Jose. The Dehumanization of Art and OtherWritings onArt and Culture (1925). Nursery City, NY: Doubleday &Company, 1956. Williams, Raymond. The Politics of Modernism: Against theNew Conformists. New York: Verso, 1989.

Report on “Rahimafrooz”

Section: ONE 1. 1 Introduction The word ‘environment’ doesn't just allude to the characteristic or natural condition, in spite of the fact that that might be significant contemplations for some associations. Rather, it is a conventional idea, which grasps the totality of outside condition powers, which may impact any part of authoritative movement. Likewise, the word ‘business’ is utilized to suggest any sort of association, regardless of whether it is a business benefit making endeavor, an administration office or a non-benefit making beneficent trust. 1. 2 Background: The report-directed rahimafrooz restricted. This organization all prepared set up in the market. Rohimafrooz first spear their item in 1954. We are setting up this report condition sway (uniquely biological effect) examination the rahimafrooz constrained. We are visit rahimafrooz deals focus and gather a lot of data. In this paper â€Å"Impact of Environmental Forces in Industry extraordinary spotlight on Ecology† each conceivable endeavor has been made to gather vital data to show the states of the item. 1. 3 Significance of the report: To legitimize the how circumstance biological condition sway the rahimafrooz Ltd. in Bangladesh. 1. 4 Scope of the report: The region of study is kept to rahimafrooz Ltd. n Bangladesh. The activity is to survey the general organization environmental effect. This report has been set up through broad conversation with bunch part and vender of the organization. ?An outline of IPS and battery industry in Bangladesh. ?A review of rahimafrooz constrained in Bd ?Marketing execution of rahimafrooz restricted. 1. 5 Objectives: 1. 5. 1 Broad Object ive: Our goal is to recognize Environmental Forces on Rahimafrooz Ltd. particularly biological effect on their creation procedure just as in general industry. 1. 5. 2 Specific Objective: ?To distinguish the ecologial state of Rahimafrooz Batteries and IPS Ltd. In Bangladesh. To distinguish the significant deterrent to the method for flourish of the organization. ?To discover the goals of the Rahimafrooz Ltd. ?To recognize the monetary and showcasing condition. 1. 6 Methodology: Methodology following to play out an occupation or leading exercises to finish an assignment is called approach. 1. 6. 1 Type of research: This is a Descript and trial inquire about which quickly uncovers and investigates the particularly environmental effect of Rohimafrooz Ltd. 1. 6. 2 Sources of information 1. 6. 2. 1 Primary: Rohamaforooze vendor, promoting office, and client, merchant and so forth 1. 6. 2. 2 Secondary: Newspaper, article, library tough, and report. . 6. 3 Data assortment strategy: 1. 6. 3 . 1 Secondary: †¢Published archives and reports †¢Annual reports of the Rahimafrooz . †¢Relevant sites (www. rahimafrooz bangladesh restricted. com) 1. 6. 3. 2 Primary: Interview and conversation with the authorities and customers 1. 6. 4 Questionnaire: A coherent survey is utilized in the statistical surveying. Both close finished and open-finished inquiries are utilized in the survey. 1. 6. 5 Sampling plan: ?Sample unit: The example unit of the overview is an individual client of IPS and battery in BD. ?Populace: All the client of IPS and battery item in mirpur aria. Test outline: No very much organized example outline is found. ?Inspecting system: Non-likelihood accommodation examining methodology is utilized in the study. ?Sampie size: The example size is 100 individuals NoAreaNumber 01Mirpur-11 number50 02Mirpur-10 number30 03Mirpur-01 number20 1. 6. 6 Data examination and detailing: We have utilized diverse PC programming to breaks down this reports. For example , Microsoft word, Microsoft exceed expectations and so on 1. 7 Limitations: ?Lack of time ?Lack of information ?Lack of adequate money related help. ?Absence of legitimate book, diaries and article and so forth. ?Absence of important information and data. Absence of impeccable co-activity. Section: TWO Theoretical Aspects ENVIRONMENTAL FORCES A Classification of Environmental powers: 1. LE. PESTC examination. 2. â€Å"Dartboard† model. 3. Harmony and Robinson hypothesis. There have been various endeavors to demonstrate the business condition either in its totality or in its particular components. Maybe the most well known of the previous class is PEST investigation. The straightforward abbreviation PEST (representing Political, Economic, Social, Technological) serves well as an assistant diary while considering the variety of ecological powers affecting business action. It envelops most territories of concern these field. Bug investigation empowers to amass a consistent and complete image of their condition. Anyway it is the interrelationship between the clearly unique factor, which includes intricacy, and vulnerability to the investigation yet in addition lavishness more prominent precision Figure: LE PEST C Analysis Economical †¢GDP per capita †¢economic development †¢unemployment rate †¢inflation rate †¢consumer and speculator certainty †¢inventory levels †¢currency trade rates †¢merchandise exchange balance †¢financial and political strength of exchanging accomplices †¢balance of installments †¢future patterns Political †¢political atmosphere †measure of government action political solidness and hazard †¢government obligation †¢budget shortfall or surplus †¢corporate and individual assessment rates †¢payroll charges †¢import taxes and shares †¢export limitations †¢restrictions on worldwide budgetary streams Legal †¢minimum wage laws †¢environmental security laws †¢worker wellbeing laws †¢union laws †¢copyright and patent laws †¢anti-syndication laws †¢Sunday shutting laws †¢municipal licenses †¢laws that favor business venture Technological †¢efficiency of framework, including: streets, ports, air terminals, moving stock, emergency clinics, training, medicinal services, correspondence, and so on †¢industrial profitability †¢new fabricating forms new items and administrations of contenders †¢new items and administrations of gracefully chain accomplices †¢any new innovation that could affect the organization †¢cost and openness of electrical force Ecological †¢ecological worries that influence the organizations creation forms †¢ecological worries that influence clients' purchasing propensities †¢ecological worries that influence clients' view of the organization or item Social †¢demogr aphic factors, for example, opopulation size and circulation oage dissemination oeducation levels oincome levels oethnic starting points oreligious affiliations †¢attitudes towards: omaterialism, private enterprise, free undertaking independence, job of family, job of government, cooperation orole of chapel and religion oconsumerism oenvironmentalism oimportance of work, pride of achievement †¢cultural structures including: odiet and nourishment ohousing conditions Competitive †¢Labor flexibly oquantity of work accessible oquality of work accessible ostability of work gracefully owage desires oemployee turn-over rate ostrikes and work relations oeducational offices †¢Material providers oquality, amount, cost, and soundness of material data sources odelivery defers oproximity of massive or overwhelming material information sources olevel of rivalry among providers Worldwide Economy Technology part International Context Government Industry ORGANIZATION crude material Market areas social Human assets Sector Worldwide Finance Sector part Figure: Dartboard model The dartboard setup gives the association of spot in the inside while transmitting from are 8 classes natural concern. Innovation Sector Both the sorts and the degree of innovation in the general public give knowledge into understanding an establishment. Foundations managing Western standards are subject to the condition of national framework, e. g. power, water, transport; those which focus on indigenous research standards may have entirely unexpected conditions. Along these lines, it is imperative to comprehend the degree of significant innovation in the institutional setting and whether such innovation is characterized by PC education or by profoundly created indigenous strategies for verbal and nonverbal correspondence. It may likewise be useful for an evaluation to incorporate a thought of the procedure by which new innovation comes into utilization, both to see that it is so hard to procure required research advances and to build up a gratefulness for the general public's ability to grasp both new information and change. Government Sector At a general level, IDRC needs to comprehend the connection between administrative procedure or improvement plans and the organization. A few explicit elements of the political setting ought to be investigated: †¢The degree to which government and its administration underpins and contributes assets to the establishment: It is basic that IDRC and other financing offices know whether critical legislative information sources are foreseen to help expanded staffing, upkeep, or other repeating costs commonplace in look into ventures. The political setting for the most part involves asset exchange off choices at the administration level. The degree to which the political framework is steady or ready to experience noteworthy change: This factor is essential; the international strategy setting and its impact on IDRC ought to likewise be thought of. †¢Whether the political setting of the establishment legitimately includes the lawful setting: Some organizations require explicit lawfu l status to work, to get outer financing, and to import gear on the side of research. Financial Sector In the monetary condition, the hierarchical investigation should focus on those parts of the monetary framework that straightforwardly sway the kind of venture being thought of. For instance, swelling, work laws, and opportunity costs for analysts in open establishments straightforwardly sway hierarchical exercises. Obviously, a nation under an auxiliary change system or one that is hoping to experience rebuilding presents a speculation setting that IDRC

Tiplati List of Vendors and the Applications They Provide - 275 Words

Tiplati: List of Vendors and the Applications They Provide (Essay Sample) Content: List of Vendors and the Applications They ProvideName:Institution:List of Vendors and the Applications They ProvideMany businesses invest in information technology to aid them in their day to day business operations. It is hence important for these organizations to be provided with quality and effective software that promote value. This essay provides a list of vendors and the type of applications they provide.Tiplati is a company that gives solutions that help in payment management. They supply systems that process all supplier payments including W9 and W8 tax form validation and collection, payment reconciliation and global remittance. Their system helps to reduce payment costs.People Fluent is a software vendor company that came up with a system called Total Talent Management that unified talent management, contingent workforce solutions and talent acquisition. Their solutions maximize potential of employees in an organization which boosts its overall performance.A nother company that issues software and applications is Cost Management Performance Group. They have a system called VendorINSIGHT which assists with contract management, summary reports and drill down reporting. These systems assist top managers to make high quality and informed decisions.Coonect4Growth have web-based applications that assist in training procurement departments to perfect their already continuing vendor relations. They hence help organizations to develop talent, team and leadership, optimize technology and grow their businesses.Last but not least is, SupplierSoft, which is...

United States Department Of Health And Human Services

In a study conducted through the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services on â€Å"average 79 people will receive an organ each day; however, an average of 22 people die each day† waiting for transplants that cannot take place because of the shortage of donated organs (U.S. D.H.H.S). The average amount of patients waiting for an organ can reduce to zero with the continued development of 3-D printers. 3-D printing is a process of making three dimensional solid objects from a digital file. The digital file is uploaded onto a computer software, and then the 3-D printer prints the digital file out onto different materials. The materials include plastic, resin, nylon, sandstone. The finish products become replicas of the digital file, and what was an idea is now a reality. Therefore, 3-D printers will one day be the future of organ transplants because over the past twenty years the technology industry has rapidly grown into the focal point in society. From advancement in commun ication, to the medical field, science and technology has shaped this world today. Thus, the American Government should invest more money into the medical field budget because the research conducted on new technology (3-D Printers) leads to more lives saved, and expands the opportunity of future medical breakthroughs. As such, with more government funding into the medical field, technology like the 3-D printer could one day develop into the future of all organ transplants. This process may happen soonerShow MoreRelatedUnited States Department Of Health And Human Services1360 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States Department of Health and Human Services has a pattern blood donation policies that is important to consider when evaluating their current policies. In the 1980s there was a lifetime ban on Haitians donating blood. There are notable parallels between the current MSM policy and the Haitian policy of the 80s. First, the high risk grouping was based on identity rather than behaviors. The policies were both based on assumption of high risk and stereotyping based on sexuality or raceRead MoreBullying Is Not Tolerated By The United States Department Of Health And Human Services886 Words   |  4 Pagessimilar way† (6). Secondly, â€Å"Students and teachers may be less likely to report a nd address bullying if suspension or expulsion is the consequence† (United States Department of Health and Human Services). Two other policies that are used but never works is called peer-mediation, and conflict resolution. The United States Department of Health and Human Services stresses, â€Å"Conflict involves antagonism among two or more people. Whereas any two people can have a conflict (or a disagreement or a fight) bullyingRead MoreChild Abuse And The United States Department Of Health And Human Services1509 Words   |  7 Pageschild abuse; one must know what child abuse is. 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In Kansas, child maltreatment is on the rise, with statistics showing 1,868 child victims in 2012, compared to 1,329, in 2009 (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2013). That being said, Kansas is still below the national average, with 2.6 out of every 1,000 children experiencing maltreatment (U.S. Department of Health

Gender Advancements During The Renaissance Essay - 1418 Words

The Renaissance was a time of enlightenment and discovery around the world. There were many advancements in culture, art, and science. An interesting area to look at for this period would be the advancements made based on gender. Historically, women do not always have a significant impact on their culture, and they do not always have the same standing as their male counterparts. Margaret L. King and Joan Kelly-Gadol delve deeper into the issue of gender advancements during the Renaissance when they analyze the issue of whether women and men benefitted equally during this period. Margaret L. King takes the stance that women advanced just as much as men. She begins her argument by mentioning quite a few heroines of the time such as: Joan of Arc, Caterina Sforza, Elizabeth of Tudor, and Cather de ’Medici. In fact, these women are what King largely bases her arguments on. She tells the individual stories of these women and how they altered the status quo in their individual countr ies regarding females. Many of them were a part of the noble class, but she argues that they must be noted when discussing the role of females in the Renaissance. King uses the women that were brought to power in their country to show that women had to have advanced socially in a substantial way to be able to be in positions that men usually held. King makes the final argument that women advanced in the sense that their perception of themselves in relation to the world around them developed into aShow MoreRelatedThe Countercultures: Once Pooh-poohed, Now Revered1275 Words   |  6 Pagesrespective eras. The Quakers, the Harlem Renaissance participants, and the Hippies have had an immense impact on American culture. This impact is especially apparent in the political actions and artä ¸â‚¬audio and visualä ¸â‚¬of the countercultures’ respective times. The Quakers first arrived in North America after facing constant persecution under England’s monarchical government. Led by William Penn, Jr., the Quakers landed in the not-yet-founded colony of Pennsylvania. During the early stages of their settlementRead MoreThe Causes Of The Protestant Reformation1270 Words   |  6 PagesRoman Catholic Church such as the recognition of genders in the society are the ones that pique the interest of people lately. Protestant Reformation could have contributed to the improvement of the system inside the Roman Catholic Church. In this perspective, the importance of the reformation could be seen since it served as a criticism of the practices of Catholicism. And this paved a way for the changes in the system of the Church. 2. The Renaissance has been called the birth of modernity. WhyRead MoreComparing The Tang Dynasty And The Western Civilization1524 Words   |  7 Pagestime could go, nearly who and what a person was depended on their gender. 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Changing The Rules Essay Example For Students

Changing The Rules Essay The chants grow louder, Dayne, Dayne, Dayne, its 4Th and goal, the Badgers trail Michigan by 5 with six seconds left. The winner takes home the title as the 1999 National champions. The ball is snapped, Bollinger drops back, fakes the pass, and pitches it to Dayne. He dodges a tackle, bounces off 2 blue jerseys, and stumbles in the end-zone for the game winning TD. Daynes hard work and perseverance paid off and led Wisconsin to a victory. But who really capitalizes when Ron Dayne leads his team to a National Championship? To Dayne, Paid Off in no way means he will receive a check from the University of Wisconsin. Under current NCAA regulations, all student athletes are prohibited from receiving any payment for their efforts(1). Exploited athletes generate millions of dollars for their schools, and never see a dime. Is this fair?College sports are big business. Every single day, universities succeed in coaxing the general public into believing that the kindred and pure spirit of amateur athletics serves as the main catalyst for their respective universities desire to field a good team. However, in reality the common motivation for these universities is nothing other that the almighty dollar. For many universities, the athletic program serves as a cash-generating machine. In terms of profit, if all ties with the university were eliminated, an athletic program acting as its own separate entity could compete with some for tune 500 companies. So, why do the vital pieces of the machine, (the players) fail to receive any compensation for their performance? Certainly, a car engine is cared for and maintained, the owner continually spending money to keep it up. The answer lies in the money-hungry universities and their practice of hoarding all the revenue. Many student-athletes are actually business people, just like students attending business schools and graduate schools. They are many times attending universities because it is a stepping stone en route to a career as a professional athlete,(1) just like an accounting major is studying in order to be recruited by an accounting firm. The lifestyle of a student-athlete is quite different though. A student-athlete must attend practice for 10 to 20 hours per week, travel to games on most weekends during the season, and at the same time, keep up with an academic workload comparable to that of a student without commitment to athletics. But unlike ordinary stu dents without athletics, student-athletes must also many times care for families and spouses. Actually, approximately 24% of student athletes are married, and of that 24%, about 62% have children(1) Of the students without their own spouses or children, many must care for parents and siblings. The rules and regulations regarding the student-athlete are set forth by the NCAA, which serves as the governing body over college athletics. Most college athletes are not wealthy and among the many rules imposed for these privileged individuals, they are not permitted to carry jobs, receive money, rewards, or any type of kickbacks from any sources other than family. The NCAA does not allow their athletes to hold jobs because the job issue has ramifications on recruiting(1). The NCAA believes some schools would have an unfair recruiting advantage over other schools. That one school could offer a recruit a better job opportunity than another. There is an issue that jobs in different locations would pay athletes different salaries. Walter Byers, who advocated an overhaul of college sports, deregulating the system and treating athletes like other students says, The reasoning behind this one is that an athlete at Alabama might not earn as much working in a Tuscaloosa mens clothing store as a USC player could earn as an apprentice stagehand in a Hollywood studio.(3)But really, athletes should not have to work in the first place. While a car cannot run without an engine, a sport cannot be played without athletes. The NCAA uses the name amateurism as the reason it doesnt pay student-athletes. Opponents against paying student-athletes say that they shoul d not be paid because through scholarships, theyre already being paid. A University education is priceless, says Richard Jacoby, member of the NCAA committee. But that is only true if the opportunity to get an education is taken advantage of(4). Yes, a scholarship is a form of payment. A scholarship is nice, but it is not enough. A scholarship will not pay the bills. A scholarship will not feed a child. Life wouldnt be so hard for many of the student-athletes if they were permitted to hold jobs. But the NCAA does not permit scholarship players to be employed during the school year. During the summer, these athletes are forced to train, practice, and compete in order to keep their roster position. This leaves little time to earn money. Cultural Diversity EssayWith giving student-athletes a small salary, such as the $5.40 an hour national minimum wage, more athletes would not have to miss their chance of a college experience. These people are not greedy; they are looking out for themselves. Though a college education is important, the goal of college is to prepare yourself for your future profession. Recently Kobe Bryant, Kevin Garnett, and Shawn Kemp are examples of teens that decided to skip college because of the necessity of money. Had they attended college, they would have enjoyed four years of, well, being slaves. It wouldnt hurt universities to give back a little. The average Division One school profits $6 million per year on basketball and football alone(6). Consider that, some universities such as University of Florida or U of M profit more than $10 million per year on their respective athletic programs. Everywhere you look in Ann Arbor you see Michigan Football merchandise. The amount of money and number of people the football program brings into this city alone is tremendous. If every player were given a decent salary, say $75 to $100 a week, it would make life a lot more livable for some athletes. They should not struggle for food or money, considering that they are, in a sense, keeping the town alive. What would Ann Arbor be without football? Much less lively and spirited, to say the least. Sports and Games

The Shawshank Redemption Essays - English-language Films, Films

The Shawshank Redemption "The Shawshank Redemption" is a unique movie which involves many different personalities and underlying themes. The personalities of the inmates are very interesting and when combined they create a fascinating plot, which gives a different perspective of prison life. The main characters are Andy Dufrense (Tim Robbins) and Eliss "Red" Redding (Morgan Freeman). Additional characters such as the wise and simple old man, Brooks (James Whitmore), and the evil warden help to enrich the movie, giving it unequaled depth into the psychological aspects of prison life. The personalities of the Shawshank prison combine to form a community of sorts. This movie shows prisons not only as a place where murderers and thieves live, but also as a commune of people who have had problems and who are attempting to rehabilitate themselves. The story revolves around Andy who is convicted of murdering his wife and her lover in 1946, and who is then sentenced to life in prison. He is sent to the Shawshank prison, the state prison in Maine, which is known for its harshness. One does not know if it is Andy who committed the murder of his wife and her lover. What is learned though, is that he is not ready for prison and honestly doesn't seem like a man who would survive. His thinking going into prison is just to survive and blend in. He's a wise man who competently deals with what the justice system has served him. He is normal on the outside but emotionally tormented on the inside. Andy is a very complex character who displays introverted tendencies, keeping his feelings to himself and never allowing anyone beyond his stoic exterior except for Red. Andy's friendship with Red begins in a most peculiar manner. Andy asks for a rock hammer, which Red dutifully gets for him. Red, knowing that Andy is vulnerable, gets him on tar duty and takes him under his wing. The friendship is very unique and they both are energetic with emotion. Bill Dupre of the News and Observer writes of their emotion together, "This is a graceful, quiet characterization, and Robbins' scenes with Freeman are wrought with depth, delicacy, and precision." This is where the opportunistic side of Andy begins to be evident. After overhearing the guards talking, he almost risks his life to tell the guard that he will help him keep the $30,000 that he inherited. This shows that Andy had guts and that he wanted to survive. In return for his favor of helping the guard, he gets his fellow workers ice cold beers on the last day. It is ironic because he has quit drinking himself. Andy then begins to work in the library because the warden hears of his talents in finance. This is where Andy first meets Brooks. He use this opportunity to ask the state for more money to build a larger library. And finally, the way Andy escapes is almost genius. Knowing that he is on the good side of the warden, he devises a very interesting and successful plan of escape. Overall, Andy blends in with the prison community through the good times and the bad (the sisters, a group of homosexual rapists). His personality is one of a person who makes the most of what he has. But he never loses hope that he will be free one day. Red is a very unique character in his own right. The prison's sole black inmate, he is the man who smuggles contraband into the prison. He is also a "lifer" and he says that he is the only man in the prison who is guilty. He has accepted his fate and is dealing with the prison as his life but still tries to make his life on the inside the best he can. Red really doesn't think much about being paroled (he is rejected several times during the movie). He just takes one day at a time. He is determined not to let the jail system get to him. His friendship with Andy becomes stronger throughout the movie from when they first meet until Red joins Andy in Mexico. Red is a man who knows the rights and wrongs of the

The Bet

The Bet "The Bet" By Anton Chekhov The debate among about life imprisonment virus's capital punishment has been fought long and hard. This argument takes place here in this story where two men are having a lively discussion about which is more humane, life imprisonment or capital punishment. The one who chooses life imprisonment is the lawyer. The banker is against this and chooses death. The banker is so sure that no one would lose their life to imprisonment rather then end it all quickly. The banker, so confident, makes the bet with the lawyer staking two million rubles that he couldn't sacrifice his freedom for his belief and stay confined by himself for fifteen years.The banker being so confident thinks no one would lose fifteen years of his or her life for so much money. In the beginning the banker disagrees with the people who say that the death penalty is out of date.Prisoners per 100,000 population

Premium Travel Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Premium Travel - Case Study Example If energy prices decrease, the opposite will be true. Political climate is especially important for Premium Travel. Many of the destinations are in the Mediterranean region. If these areas maintain relative political calm, more people will choose these places for travel as opposed to more traditional vacation spots. If these areas experience relative instability, the opposite will be true. Today, the world economy is so interlaced that hardly an area remains unaffected by change in any other area. So, it goes with tourism. If people have less disposable income, they are less able to fund exotic vacations and may stick with more local attractions; however, if we experience global prosperity, then it is more likely people will spend their vacations more lavishly. Some of the factors that will affect Premium Travel in the future include energy prices, political climates, and the world economy. These external environmental factors will interact to form challenges for Premium Travel over the next few years.

Three men who have played othello Research Paper

Three men who have played othello - Research Paper Example One of the major differences that have been seen in the character of Othello has been his race. Scholars have always had controversy over Moor’s origin. Some think that he is Arabic others think that he is black. However, before the blacks got into acting, Othello’s role has been played by white actors wearing blackfaces. However, this has slowly been black actors with the white actors being quite rare today (Shakespeare, 135). In this article we are going to discuss how Orson Welles, Ira Aldridge and Tommaso Salvini have represented the character of Othello. Orson Welles was a white actor who takes the role of Othello. He applies a lot of makeup in order to appear black. He was generally able to bring out the best of the character Othello. For instance, despite the fact that he stood out of the crown not only because he was tall but he that he was very courageous and would challenge anyone. Welles Othello is a flawless lover who finds himself in caught between honesty and intrigue. He is a vulnerable hero with two personalities. At some point he is brutal and baseless and at other times he is sensitive and noble. He does not realize that his wife has been faithful and devoted all the way until it is too late and at this point he decides to commit suicide. Unlike other Othello’s who were either black or which actors who wore a blackface, Welles Othello had a brown skin and black hair. He however wore a white cap at the scenes in the beginning of the play. Iran Aldridge was the first black actor to take up the role of Othello. This was after two hundred years of white actors taking up this role. He played several other Shakespeare roles. His acting as Othello was quite spectacular and left the audience earning for more. However, since he lived in an era when racism was very ripe, he was not welcomed by the conservatives who believed that the place of black people was just being slaves. The Times once commenting on one of his performances in Covent Garden said that it was objectionable for Desdemona to be pawned upon by a black man on stage London was the hub of racism and he was not allowed to perform in London theatre. He however performed in several other cities where he got a better reception. A Russian critic commented that Iran performances â€Å"were undoubtedly the best that I have ever spent in the theatre’ (Lindfors, 64). He acted under the directions of Dowling who followed the structure of the original play closely with the lines being quite the same. He used an accent that revealed an African dialect. This was a better portray of Othello considering that he was believed to be black in the original play. Tommaso Salvini is another actor who played the role of Othello. This man had won an international reputation of performing the roles of the Shakespeare tragic heroes. He performed in various countries starting with America Europe and his home country Italy. He was a not English speaker the use of bi lingualism on stage gave this actor a unique appeal. He would say his lines in Italian alongside and English speaking Lago. He had an imposing figure giving the Othello character Intensity and passion. Some critics are of the view that he was too passionate at times. In fact, it was said that he played the last scene aggressively than was intended in the book. Rumors said that some actors would refuse to be his Desdemona for this reason. Salvini also made other

Amir as the Narrator Essay Example for Free

Amir as the Narrator Essay The novel The Kite Runner is narrated by the main character, Amir. The novels follows Amir’s struggling path from adolescence to manhood. Amir tells the story of his life growing up in Kabul with his father, Baba and their two Hazara servants Hassan and Ali. Hassan is Amir’s half brother and best friend growing up; testing friendships, keeping secrets, accepting faults and gaining understanding. The two spent many years enjoying playing and kite fighting together as brothers. Amir describes his relationship with Hassan as very close and personal; he enjoys learning and growing with Hassan even though Hassan is considered below him in their society; expected to be a servant to Amir, not a companion. Although Hassan and Amir’s relationship seemed unbreakable, the winter of 1975 changed everything. Amir tells us of the major â€Å"kite fighting† competition that happens every year with all the local kids. Soon after Amir wins the competition that year, tragedy occurs with Hassan in a back alley, he is raped by a neighborhood boy, Assef. Amir witnesses this and tells no one about it. This later unravels the relationship between him and Hassan resulting in Hassan and Ali leaving Amir and Baba’s home. Throughout the novel, Amir is completely changed from this event. Throughout the book Amir struggles to be the son his father, Baba wants him to be. He feels that his father burdens Amir with the death of his mother because she died giving birth to Amir. Amir tells how Baba is very critical of him and makes him feel as though he can never reach his father’s expectations. Amir feels as though he needs to fight with Hassan for his father’s approval. Although he never had an ideal relationship with Baba, Amir loves and respects him to the fullest. Baba guides Amir through life helping him in becoming the best man he can be. Later in the novel Amir realizes how much he appreciated Baba.

Feminist Perspective of Heart of Darkness :: Feminism Feminist Women Criticism

Feminist Perspective of Heart of Darkness   In Joseph Conrad’s novel Heart of Darkness, Marlow’s view of women embodies the typical 19th century view of women as the inferior sex. There are only three relatively minor female characters in Heart of Darkness: Marlow’s aunt, Kurtz’s mistress, and Kurtz’s "Intended." Marlow mentions these female characters in order to give the literal aspect of his tale more substance. While they definitely play specific roles in the story, they do not relate with the primary theme of the story.   The primary theme focuses more on how Marlow’s journey into the heart of darkness contrasts the "white" souls of the black people and the "black" souls of the whites who exploit them, and how it led to Marlow’s self-discovery. In the beginning of Marlow’s story he tells how he, "Charlie Marlow, set the women to work--to get a job." He tells this in the context that he was so desperate to travel in the trade industry that he did what was unthinkable in those times: he asked a woman for financial assistance. The woman, his aunt, also transcended the traditional role of women in those times by telling Marlow that she would be delighted to help him and to ask her for help whenever he needed it. This incident did not have much to do with the symbolic theme of the story; it simply served to tell the reader how Marlow managed to be able to travel to the Congo. On a higher level, it was intended by Conrad to illustrate Marlow’s opinion of women’s inferior role in society, which embodied traditional 19th century society. The two other female characters are not mentioned until much later in the story, after Marlow has arrived at the Inner Station. When Marlow reaches this point in his tale, he jumps ahead and tells a little bit about The Intended, Kurtz’s fianceà © who was to marry Kurtz when he returned. The Intended woman does not appear until the very end of the novelette, in which Marlow visits her and lies to her about Kurtz’s dying words. The Intended had a more significant role in the story than Marlow’s aunt; however, her role as a whole was somewhat limited and did not affect the main theme of the story. The third female character, Kurtz’s African mistress, is briefly mentioned two times near the end of the novel. Feminist Perspective of Heart of Darkness :: Feminism Feminist Women Criticism Feminist Perspective of Heart of Darkness   In Joseph Conrad’s novel Heart of Darkness, Marlow’s view of women embodies the typical 19th century view of women as the inferior sex. There are only three relatively minor female characters in Heart of Darkness: Marlow’s aunt, Kurtz’s mistress, and Kurtz’s "Intended." Marlow mentions these female characters in order to give the literal aspect of his tale more substance. While they definitely play specific roles in the story, they do not relate with the primary theme of the story.   The primary theme focuses more on how Marlow’s journey into the heart of darkness contrasts the "white" souls of the black people and the "black" souls of the whites who exploit them, and how it led to Marlow’s self-discovery. In the beginning of Marlow’s story he tells how he, "Charlie Marlow, set the women to work--to get a job." He tells this in the context that he was so desperate to travel in the trade industry that he did what was unthinkable in those times: he asked a woman for financial assistance. The woman, his aunt, also transcended the traditional role of women in those times by telling Marlow that she would be delighted to help him and to ask her for help whenever he needed it. This incident did not have much to do with the symbolic theme of the story; it simply served to tell the reader how Marlow managed to be able to travel to the Congo. On a higher level, it was intended by Conrad to illustrate Marlow’s opinion of women’s inferior role in society, which embodied traditional 19th century society. The two other female characters are not mentioned until much later in the story, after Marlow has arrived at the Inner Station. When Marlow reaches this point in his tale, he jumps ahead and tells a little bit about The Intended, Kurtz’s fianceà © who was to marry Kurtz when he returned. The Intended woman does not appear until the very end of the novelette, in which Marlow visits her and lies to her about Kurtz’s dying words. The Intended had a more significant role in the story than Marlow’s aunt; however, her role as a whole was somewhat limited and did not affect the main theme of the story. The third female character, Kurtz’s African mistress, is briefly mentioned two times near the end of the novel.

Gay Marriage Persuasive Essay

When taken at face value, many Americans would not think that forbidding gay couples to marry affects them. What many fail to recognize is that these kinds of discriminatory laws reach out and touch every life in this country. For a nation to intentionally and blatantly tell one group of people that they are not entitled to the same rights and protections as other groups of people sheds a dark shadow on the rest of the nation. If the government can interfere so wholeheartedly into the lives of those it is supposed to serve, then none of us are safe.Very few people actually understand why gay marriage is an issue. The overwhelming trends of â€Å"changing values†, abandoning religion, and the adaptation of new lifestyles have brought this issue to the forefront. So, if everyone is so against gay â€Å"marriage†, the nation needs to extend the rights of marriage to gays, even if it means that it needs to be done under a different title. The Legislative Branch is responsib le for making the laws which govern the country. It is never possible to please all of the people, but fairness is always an option.While the traditionalists and religious majority are claiming that â€Å"Marriage is a holy union between a man and a women with vows taken before god† (â€Å"Same Sex Marriage? â€Å"); the government needs to find a position somewhere in the middle of protecting the traditional marriage, and allowing for equal rights and protections for all of its citizens. When the government stepped in and became a part of â€Å"marriage†, they essentially needed to remove the religious aspects of it in order to adhere to the long standing policy of â€Å"separation of church and state†.This was never done, and because it was never a problem, it has remained a government/religious union that many felt the need to protect because of the religious attachments. Well, it is a problem now. There are hundreds of thousands of American citizens being denied rights and protections because while they are a strong and powerful part of our population, they are still heavily outnumbered by the religious majority seeking to protect the institution of marriage.To see what must be done by the legislature to right the wrongs done by anti-gay legislation, one must understand the history of this battle and the causes for the recent influx of gay marriage supporters. This battle has been raging since the 1970’s when gay individuals first started questioning why they were not allowed to get married. At that time, most reasoned that they (gays) would just go away, that they were just looking to have the wedding, but cared little about actually being married.No one could have guessed that forty years later, the â€Å"gay† population would be doubled in size, the American idea of the â€Å"traditional family† would be drastically changed, the religious majority would be experience a major power shift, and that our supreme c ourt would be hearing these cases on a regular basis. If one were to ask the opponents of gay marriage how we got to where we are today, they would likely respond with some kind of comment regarding the demise of the traditional family, or how integrative teaching has changed the expectations of marriage (Sharp 71).Those with a more liberal view may state that, throughout the years, science has opened the eyes of many to be more understanding of homosexuality and may therefore link it to a better tolerance for progressive ideas towards gay marriage (Bornman 30-33). The increase in the size of the â€Å"gay community† has made this an issue that must be addressed. In the 1970’s when the gay marriage debate began, it was fueled mainly by gay males, and lesbian females only. Since then, the â€Å"gay community† has increased to include gay men, lesbian women, bisexual men and women, and the transgendered community.The additions of these groups to the supporters of gay marriage, has called for a numbers increase of great magnitude. An example of this increase can be shown based on statistical data (still widely viewed as an estimate only) obtained by the Williams Institute at the UCLA school of law; in 2011 there 9 million (3. 5% of the population) that identify as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, or Transgender. When this number is broken down, it is reported that only 1. 7% of this 3. 5% are identified as gay men or lesbian women (Gates 1). That is less than half of the people.This increase has led to stronger lobbying and more strength in numbers. The legislature cannot simply ignore the needs and wants of 3. 5% of the American population. Another significant cause of this increase in support for gay marriage can only be described in â€Å"the changing times†. (Sharp 71) History has shown that conservative attitudes have changed dramatically throughout the years. Just looking at the basic ways of life for example can attest to the change in a ttitudes. In the 1950’s life was centered around the family.The wife stayed home, cooked, cleaned, and tended to the children. There were various images of the â€Å"perfect housewife† plastered all over the media- a smiling perfectly kept woman waiting at the door wearing an apron and holding a steaming hot turkey on a platter all while kissing her husband as he walks through the door from a hard day’s work. That was the image of the family that was portrayed and lived. Divorce was rare and those leading any lifestyle other than the mainstream norm, were frowned upon and shunned from communities. Obviously this is not the picture of life today.More mothers are working outside of the home. The term â€Å"latchkey kids† is now the norm. Divorce rates are at an all-time high, with single mothers never having been married to their children’s fathers being considered normal. Obviously the American opinion of family and normal has changed, thus changing the opinions of who can be a normal family as well. A very concerning concept is that a vast majority of the groups that are fighting to keep the ban on gay marriage, are traditionalists and religious based groups. (â€Å"Same Sex Marriage?†)As a country founded to escape religious persecution, it is highly concerning that in 2011, the opinions of the religious majority are still governing our nation. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the percentage of the population identifying as â€Å"Christian, Catholic, Baptist, or Protestant† (the four largest religious groups in the nation) has declined from 86% in 1990, to 76% in 2008 (U. S. Census 2011 61). In addition to this, the percentages identifying as â€Å"No religion, Atheist, or Agnostic† increased from 8% in 1990, to 15% in 2008 (U. S. Census 2011 61).It can be speculated that based on the above mentioned â€Å"rule by the religious majority†, that the decline in religious individuals in America, coupled with the rise of those claiming to carry no religious beliefs, has helped the trend of supporters for gay marriage increase. An important fact that needs to be established is that gay marriage is not illegal. Each individual state has the right to create laws to govern their people. Throughout the years as couples attempted to secure marriage licenses that would recognize their same sex partnerships, states began passing statutes that define marriage as a union between man and woman.Some states determined long ago that it was wrong to discriminate and therefore, they should allow gays to be married. (â€Å"National Conference of State Legislatures†) Other states have given the title â€Å"domestic partnership† or â€Å"civil union† to the union between same sex couples. This will allow them to be placed on the same insurance policies and even in some cases file state taxes together, but little other benefits are afforded to these types of unions, and the big question is â€Å"why are these unions allowed but only under a different title? †. This calls to question the obvious. Why are the gays fighting for marriage?Some states recognize it, so they can just go there and get married (or participate in a civil union ceremony) then go home to their states and live their lives. It makes sense in theory but the big problem is that while these states have taken the steps to allow equal protections to all of their citizens, the federal government refuses to recognize these marriages- essentially rendering them invalid. It is because of this, that the solution must lie in the hands of the Federal Government, if they do not make the change, then any change made will be insignificant and superficial at best.In 1993 the Hawaiian Supreme Court ruled that denying marriage to same sex couples was unconstitutional. Uproar spread throughout the country as fear grew that this ruling would open the floodgates allowing gay marriage to be legal everywhere. As a precautionary move, in 1996 President Bill Clinton signed the Defense of Marriage Act into legislation. This put a federal ban on gay marriage, and is really where the battle begins. (â€Å"National Conference of State Legislatures†) In 2009 at the 111th congress, a bill was entered as a proposal to repeal the Defense of Marriage Act.This act was called the Respect for Marriage Act. After some bureaucratic push and pull, in March 2011, this act was signed into legislation- officially ending the government’s long standing ban on state recognized same sex marriage. (â€Å"National Conference of State Legislatures†) While this act does not directly legalize or recognize gay marriage at the federal level, it does take away the only standing legal defense that federal courts were able to use in the many cases waged to allow gay couples to have the same rights as heterosexual couples.It is a move in the right direction for lawmakers to finally end the decades long discrimination of gay individuals and couples. While the apparent causes for the influx in gay marriage support is obvious, those not involved in the battle should understand why it is an issue that needs to be solved. Marriage is not only a union made between two people, but it comes with several rights and â€Å"rewards† that are afforded only to married couples. There is the obvious tax break that is available to those filing â€Å"Married† on their federal income tax returns.The amount of money varies greatly depending on income, but it is a financial break nonetheless. There is also the issue of insurance, both health and life. While most states allow those in â€Å"domestic partnerships† to be placed on each other’s insurance, this is not guaranteed by all states and in all circumstances. This means that a gay couple cannot be on each other’s insurance. There are also issues of parenting and adoption. Each state has a different variety of laws, though some do not allow those not married to become adoptive parents.A very large and concerning issue is that of Social Security Survivor Benefits. If a man or woman works all of their lives and pays into the Social Security system and then dies, the money is left to no one because the Federal Government refuses to accept the legal marriages performed in individual states. (â€Å"Center For American Progress†) According to the Center for American Progress, there is a total of â€Å"1,138 federal statutory provisions classified to the United States Code in which marital status is a factor in determining or receiving benefits, rights, and privileges.† (â€Å"Center For American Progress†)That is a total of 1,138 rights and benefits that require a legal marriage to be considered; which is also a total of 1,138 rights and benefits currently being denied to American citizens. The effects are obviously endless, and the solution should be obvious. To properly come up with a solution to this problem, the government must look at the opinions of the majority, coupled with the rights of the minority and find a happy medium.If the government removed all ties to the term â€Å"marriage†, it would then be enabling the religious majority to continue protecting the â€Å"holy union† they so desperately feel the need to protect. This solution would require very little funding, or extreme measures, rather would just take some tricky new wording of the laws to cast a new shadow of fairness upon the nation. This idea makes plenty of sense when you break it down. In order for any man and women to legally be married, they must go to the clerk of court for their locality, and obtain a marriage license.This marriage license is a legal document signed by an employee of a government agency, therefore making marriage a government institution instead of a religious one. There is no currently no requirement that makes it mandatory to g et married in a church, or by a member of a church, which goes to reason that a couple can be married without their union being religious. So the government must then decide, do we strip the traditionalists and religious groups of their â€Å"holy union† and create an uproar which will no doubt further clog the courts with cases seeking a repeal?Or should we remove our ties to this union and create our own union that is available to all citizens and would therefore afford them all of the protections and benefits of being â€Å"married†. When it is put this way, the answer is obvious. The federal government can rearrange the terminology of the laws in place today and replace all of the use of the term â€Å"marriage† with a new term. It could be â€Å"civil union† for example. This would, in turn, allow all men and women in the United States to enter into this type of union, and be protected by all laws that â€Å"marriage† currently affords to thos e married.The traditionalists and religious individuals that want to desperately protect the â€Å"sanctity of marriage† can still do so without having any infringement on their religious beliefs. They can still participate in marriage ceremonies but instead of picking up a â€Å"marriage license† they would need to also obtain a â€Å"civil union license† in order to have their marriage protected by the government. While this idea may put most of the opposition at bay by allowing them to keep their â€Å"marriage†, others who were not previously opposed to gay marriage might consider it too much of a change.For a country that has been â€Å"getting married† for hundreds of years, it is unreasonable to expect all of the people to suddenly change their way of thinking. To start having â€Å"civil union planners† instead of â€Å"wedding planners†, for example, is just asking too much of the people. The government must then ask the peop le, â€Å"is asking the American people to change their normal ways of thinking to allow for their fellow men and women to be treated fairly under the law really asking too much? † When it is a matter of something being too hard, or too much change; individual rights and freedoms should always come first.Our constitution was drafted in such a way to allow for future leaders to change or amend it as the changing needs of the nation are being met. There was a time when women were not allowed to vote. It had to be a big change for the people to suddenly change everything into such a way that would allow women to vote. There were times when whites were allowed to keep segregated from blacks and to deny blacks the use of public institutions. Laws were written to change these practices as well. People fought and died over the implementation of this new legislation, but it was put in place nonetheless.The government has asked a lot more of the people in regards to changing popular w ays of thinking, and all was done in the name of equality. In 2011 this should be an easy task to accomplish. As stated earlier in this essay, times have changed, views are more liberal. Yes it will be an adjustment, but it will be one that will benefit all people eventually. The ideas as to why gay marriage has now become an issue in the forefront of American politics are endless. The effects of the constant denial of rights to American citizen are obvious and in devastating numbers.There is a plausible solution to the problem that will protect not only the wants, but the needs of several different groups of citizens. The resolution of those against it is so strong, as is that of those that carry favorable beliefs. The government has taken steps- both large and small to afford more protections to more people, but it hasn’t been enough. There needs to be new laws written, ones that can allow for all people to feel as though they are American and deserve American freedom. Stud ies have been done, research compiled, statistics published, and only one answer has been derived. Gay marriage is an issue, and it will not go away.

A report on Value Added Tax Essay - 1528 Words

A report on Value Added Tax Introduction Value Added Tax originated in France in 1954 and is under implementation in more than hundred countries. Value Added Tax is perceived by many as means to promote neutrality and uniformity of tax burden and to provide incentives for increased productivity and industrialization. The spread of VAT to the developed and the developing countries alike certainly, makes for an interesting study. Financial Times (London) too stressed the growing importance of VAT when it observed in its centennial review â€Å"The economic and technological changes of the second half of the century have made VAT the quintessential modern tax†. It will not be an exaggeration if one were to say that the emergence of†¦show more content†¦Under the VAT system, no exemptions will be given and a tax will be levied at each stage of manufacture of a product. At each stage of value-addition, credit can be claimed on tax paid on inputs. †¢ It does not distort the business decisions as it does away with cascading. Only market forces rather than tax structure will guide vertical integration decisions once VAT is implemented. †¢ VAT permits easy and effective targeting of tax rates as a result of which the exports can be zero-rated. †¢ The input tax credit method encourages a system that ensures better tax compliance by generating a trail of invoices that supports effective audit and enforcement strategies. †¢ As far as India is concerned, VAT, if enforced properly could help in fiscal consolidation for the country. As a steady source of revenue, it could be used for reducing the debt burden in due course. †¢ Further, any globally accepted tax administrative system like VAT will help India integrate better in the WTO regime. How VAT works? Under the existing system, there is a tax levied at each stage of production which results in a ‘tax on tax’ or the cascading effect. Producers try to overcome this tax by vertically integrating their production process, which affects production decisions. VAT is implemented through a system of tax credits. When the purchaser purchases the goods, he’ll have an invoice whichShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Tax Structure Of The United Arab Emirates945 Words   |  4 PagesCurrently, the United Arab Emirates does not have a federal corporate income tax (CIT) regime; however, most of the Emirates introduced income tax decrees in the late 1960s, and taxation is therefore determined on an Emirate-by-Emirate basis. Under the Emirate-based tax decrees, CIT may be imposed on all companies (including branches and permanent establishments [PEs]) at rates of up to 55%. 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